Plain
Epictetus — The Slave

There are two ways people harden themselves. First, they shut down their ability to think clearly. Second, they kill their sense of shame — they decide they won't accept obvious truths and they won't stop arguing. Most of us fear physical pain and will do anything to avoid it. But we don't care about damaging our souls. Here's the strange part: if someone can't think or understand anything, we say they're in bad shape. But if someone kills their sense of shame and decency, we actually call that strength.

Discourses, Against the Academics 19 of 388
Knowing Yourself Human Nature
Epictetus — The Slave Original

Now there are two kinds of hardening, one of the understanding, the other of the sense of shame, when a man is resolved not to assent to what is manifest nor to desist from contradictions. Most of us are afraid of mortification of the body, and would contrive all means to avoid such a thing, but we care not about the soul's mortification. And indeed with regard to the soul, if a man be in such a state as not to apprehend anything, or understand at all, we think that he is in a bad condition; but if the sense of shame and modesty are deadened, this we call even power (or strength).

Discourses, Against the Academics 19 of 388
Epictetus — The Slave

If someone argues against obvious facts, Epictetus said, it's hard to find arguments that will change their mind. This isn't because the person is strong or the teacher is weak. When someone has been proven wrong but stays stubborn as a rock, how can you reach them with logic?

Discourses, Against the Academics 18 of 388
Human Nature Knowing Yourself
Epictetus — The Slave Original

If a man, said Epictetus, opposes evident truths, it is not easy to find arguments by which we shall make him change his opinion. But this does not arise either from the man's strength or the teacher's weakness; for when the man, though he has been confuted, is hardened like a stone, how shall we then be able to deal with him by argument?

Discourses, Against the Academics 18 of 388
‹ Previous Next ›

Ancient philosophy, in plain English.

About · Support