Plain
Epictetus — The Slave

"I'm better than you because my father was a consul." Another person says, "I was a tribune, but you weren't." If we were horses, would you say, "My father was faster"? Or "I have lots of barley and feed, plus fancy decorations for my neck"? If you said that, I'd respond: "Fine, let's race then." Well, isn't there something in humans — like speed in horses — that shows who's truly superior? What about respect, loyalty, and justice? Show that you're better in these things if you want to be superior as a human being. If you tell me you can kick hard, I'll just say you're bragging about something any donkey can do.

Discourses, Certain Miscellaneous Matters 253 of 388
Doing The Right Thing Human Nature
Epictetus — The Slave Original

I am superior to you, for my father is a man of consular rank. Another says, I have been a tribune, but you have not. If we were horses, would you say, My father was swifter? I have much barley and fodder, or elegant neck ornaments. If then you were saying this, I said, Be it so: let us run then. Well, is there nothing in a man such as running in a horse, by which it will be known which is superior and inferior? Is there not modesty ([Greek: aidos]), fidelity, justice? Show yourself superior in these, that you may be superior as a man. If you tell me that you can kick violently, I also will say to you, that you are proud of that which is the act of an ass.

Discourses, Certain Miscellaneous Matters 253 of 388
Epictetus — The Slave

You must root out two things from people: arrogance and distrust. Arrogance is thinking you need nothing — that you're not lacking anything. Distrust is thinking you can't be happy because so many things are working against you. You eliminate arrogance by proving it wrong. Socrates was the first to practice this. To know that happiness is not impossible, investigate and search for it. This search won't harm you. In fact, this searching is what philosophy is — figuring out how to want and avoid things without being blocked.

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Knowing Yourself Calm Your Mind
Epictetus — The Slave Original

You must root out of men these two things, arrogance (pride) and distrust. Arrogance then is the opinion that you want nothing (are deficient in nothing); but distrust is the opinion that you cannot be happy when so many circumstances surround you. Arrogance is removed by confutation; and Socrates was the first who practised this. And (to know) that the thing is not impossible inquire and seek. This search will do you no harm; and in a manner this is philosophizing, to seek how it is possible to employ desire and aversion ([Greek: echchlisis]) without impediment.

Discourses, Certain Miscellaneous Matters 252 of 388
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Ancient philosophy, in plain English.

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