Plain
Epictetus — The Slave

What should you have ready when facing such situations? This: Know what belongs to you and what doesn't. Know what you're allowed to do and what you're not. I must die. Do I have to die crying about it? I must be chained up. Do I have to cry about that too? I must go into exile. Does anyone stop me from going with a smile, cheerfully and content? "Tell me your secret," they demand. "I won't," you say, "because that's up to me." "But I'll chain you up." What are you talking about? Chain me up? You can shackle my leg, but not even Zeus himself can overpower my will. "I'll throw you in prison." You mean my poor body. "I'll cut your head off." When did I ever tell you that my head can't be cut off? These are the things philosophers should think about. They should write about them daily. They should practice them.

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Freedom & Control Facing Hardship
Epictetus — The Slave Original

What then should a man have in readiness in such circumstances? What else than this? What is mine, and what is not mine; and what is permitted to me, and what is not permitted to me. I must die. Must I then die lamenting? I must be put in chains. Must I then also lament? I must go into exile. Does any man then hinder me from going with smiles and cheerfulness and contentment? Tell me the secret which you possess. I will not, for this is in my power. But I will put you in chains. Man, what are you talking about? Me, in chains? You may fetter my leg, but my will not even Zeus himself can overpower. I will throw you into prison. My poor body, you mean. I will cut your head off. When then have I told you that my head alone cannot be cut off? These are the things which philosophers should meditate on, which they should write daily, in which they should exercise themselves.

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Epictetus — The Slave

Music won't tell you whether you should sing right now or play the lute, or do neither. What faculty will tell you? The one that can examine both itself and everything else. What is this faculty? Your reasoning mind. This is the only faculty we have that examines itself — what it is, what power it has, and what value this gift has. It also examines all other faculties. What else tells us that golden things are beautiful? Gold doesn't say it's beautiful. Obviously, it's the faculty that can judge what we see and experience. What else judges music, grammar, and the other faculties? What else proves their usefulness and shows us when to use them? Nothing else.

Discourses, Of the Things Which Are in Our Power and not in Our Power 2 of 388
Knowing Yourself Human Nature
Epictetus — The Slave Original

but whether you should sing at the present time and play on the lute, or do neither, music will not tell you. What faculty then will tell you? That which contemplates both itself and all other things. And what is this faculty? The rational faculty; for this is the only faculty that we have received which examines itself, what it is, and what power it has, and what is the value of this gift, and examines all other faculties: for what else is there which tells us that golden things are beautiful, for they do not say so themselves? Evidently it is the faculty which is capable of judging of appearances. What else judges of music, grammar, and the other faculties, proves their uses, and points out the occasions for using them? Nothing else.

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Ancient philosophy, in plain English.

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