Plain
Seneca — The Senator

None of these things that randomly affect our minds should be called passions. The mind doesn't create these feelings — it just allows them to happen to it. A passion isn't about being affected by what we see around us. It's about giving in to our feelings and following these random impulses. Some people think that turning pale, bursting into tears, feeling lustful, sighing deeply, or having sudden flashes in the eyes are signs of passion that reveal what's going on in our minds. They're wrong. They don't understand that these are just physical impulses from the body. That's why the bravest man often turns pale while putting on his armor. When the battle signal sounds, even the boldest soldier's knees shake for a moment. A great general's heart jumps into his throat just before the armies clash. Even the most eloquent speaker's hands and feet grow stiff and cold as he prepares to begin his speech.

On Anger, Book 2, Section 3 Book 2 · 7 of 103
Calm Your Mind Human Nature
Seneca — The Senator Original

None of these things which casually influence the mind deserve to be called passions: the mind, if I may so express it, rather suffers passions to act upon itself than forms them. A passion, therefore, consists not in being affected by the sights which are presented to us, but in giving way to our feelings and following up these chance promptings: for whoever imagines that paleness, bursting into tears, lustful feelings, deep sighs, sudden flashes of the eyes, and so forth, are signs of passion and betray the state of the mind, is mistaken, and does not understand that these are merely impulses of the body. Consequently, the bravest of men often turns pale while he is putting on his armour; when the signal for battle is given, the knees of the boldest soldier shake for a moment; the heart even of a great general leaps into his mouth just before the lines clash together, and the hands and feet even of the most eloquent orator grow stiff and cold while he is preparing to begin his speech.

On Anger, Book 2, Section 3 Book 2 · 7 of 103
Seneca — The Senator

This is why we smile when others smile. Why a group of mourners makes us sad. Why we get caught up in someone else's fights. None of these feelings are anger, just like what we feel watching a shipwreck on stage isn't real sadness. Or when we read about Hannibal attacking Rome after Cannae — that's not real fear. These are just stirrings in minds that don't want to be disturbed. They're not full passions yet, but seeds that could grow into passions. A soldier will jump at a trumpet sound even when he's in civilian clothes during peacetime. War horses prick up their ears at the clash of weapons. They say when Xenophantus was singing, Alexander reached for his sword.

On Anger, Book 2, Section 2 Book 2 · 6 of 103
Calm Your Mind Human Nature
Seneca — The Senator Original

Hence it is that we smile when others are smiling, that a crowd of mourners makes us sad, and that we take a glowing interest in another's battles; all of which feelings are not anger, any more than that which clouds our brow at the sight of a stage shipwreck is sadness, or what we feel, when we read how Hannibal after Cannae beset the walls of Rome, can be called fear. All these are emotions of minds which are loth to be moved, and are not passions, but rudiments which may grow into passions. So, too, a soldier starts at the sound of a trumpet, although he may be dressed as a civilian and in the midst of a profound peace, and camp horses prick up their ears at the clash of arms. It is said that Alexander, when Xenophantus was singing, laid his hand upon his weapons.

On Anger, Book 2, Section 2 Book 2 · 6 of 103
‹ Previous Next ›

Ancient philosophy, in plain English.

About · Support