Plain
Epictetus — The Slave

Every skill and habit gets stronger when you practice it. Walking makes you better at walking. Running makes you better at running. Want to be a good reader? Read. Want to be a writer? Write. But if you stop reading for thirty days straight and do other things instead, you'll see what happens to your reading ability. Same thing if you lie around for ten days, then try to take a long walk. Your legs will be weak. The rule is simple: if you want to make something a habit, do it. If you don't want it to become a habit, don't do it. Replace it with something else instead. This applies to your emotions too. When you get angry, realize two things happened. First, you experienced something bad. Second, you strengthened your anger habit. You basically threw fuel on the fire.

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Knowing Yourself Calm Your Mind
Epictetus — The Slave Original

Every habit and faculty is maintained and increased by the corresponding actions: the habit of walking by walking, the habit of running by running. If you would be a good reader, read; if a writer, write. But when you shall not have read for thirty days in succession, but have done something else, you will know the consequence. In the same way, if you shall have lain down ten days, get up and attempt to make a long walk, and you will see how your legs are weakened. Generally then if you would make anything a habit, do it; if you would not make it a habit, do not do it, but accustom yourself to do something else in place of it. So it is with respect to the affections of the soul: when you have been angry, you must know that not only has this evil befallen you, but that you have also increased the habit, and in a manner thrown fuel upon fire.

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Epictetus — The Slave

But many people are fooled by the same thing that fooled the speaker Theopompus when he criticized Plato for wanting to define everything. What does Theopompus say? "Did none of us use the words 'good' or 'just' before you came along? Were we just making empty sounds without knowing what they meant?" But Theopompus, who says we didn't have natural ideas about these things already? Of course we did. But you can't use your basic ideas properly if you haven't thought them through clearly and figured out what exactly each idea applies to. You could make the same complaint about doctors. Who among us didn't use the words "healthy" and "unhealthy" before Hippocrates lived? Were we just making empty sounds? We do have a basic idea of what health is, but we can't apply it correctly. That's why one doctor says "Don't eat," another says "Eat more," another says "Bleed the patient," and another says "Use cupping." Why does this happen? Because they can't properly connect their basic idea of health to specific cases.

Discourses, How We Must Adapt Preconceptions to Particular Cases 170 of 388
Knowing Yourself Human Nature
Epictetus — The Slave Original

But the many are deceived by this which deceived also the rhetorician Theopompus, when he blames even Plato for wishing everything to be defined. For what does he say? Did none of us before you use the words good or just, or do we utter the sounds in an unmeaning and empty way without understanding what they severally signify? Now who tells you, Theopompus, that we had not natural notions of each of these things and preconceptions ([Greek: prolaepseis])? But it is not possible to adapt preconceptions to their correspondent objects if we have not distinguished (analyzed) them, and inquired what object must be subjected to each preconception. You may make the same charge against physicians also. For who among us did not use the words healthy and unhealthy before Hippocrates lived, or did we utter these words as empty sounds? For we have also a certain preconception of health, but we are not able to adapt it. For this reason one says, Abstain from food; another says, Give food; another says, Bleed; and another says, Use cupping. What is the reason? is it any other than that a man cannot properly adapt the preconceptions of health to particulars?

Discourses, How We Must Adapt Preconceptions to Particular Cases 170 of 388
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Ancient philosophy, in plain English.

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