Plain
Epictetus — The Slave

Things themselves don't matter — but how you use them does. So how do you stay steady and calm while still being careful? Don't be reckless, but don't be careless either. Think of people playing dice. The game pieces don't matter. The dice don't matter. You can't control what numbers come up. But using whatever you roll skillfully and cleverly — that's your job. Life works the same way. Your main task is this: separate things clearly and say: 'External things are not in my power. My will is in my power.' Where should you look for good and bad? Inside yourself, in the things that are truly yours. But in things that don't belong to you, call nothing good or bad, helpful or harmful, or anything like that.

Discourses, How Magnanimity is Consistent with Care 104 of 388
Freedom & Control What Matters Most
Epictetus — The Slave Original

Things themselves (materials) are indifferent; but the use of them is not indifferent. How then shall a man preserve firmness and tranquillity, and at the same time be careful and neither rash nor negligent? If he imitates those who play at dice. The counters are indifferent; the dice are indifferent. How do I know what the cast will be? But to use carefully and dexterously the cast of the dice, this is my business. Thus then in life also the chief business is this: distinguish and separate things, and say: Externals are not in my power: will is in my power. Where shall I seek the good and the bad? Within, in the things which are my own. But in what does not belong to you call nothing either good or bad, or profit or damage or anything of the kind.

Discourses, How Magnanimity is Consistent with Care 104 of 388
Epictetus — The Slave

This is why it's silly to say, "Give me advice on what to do." What advice should I give you? "Train your mind to handle whatever happens." That's like someone who can't read saying, "Tell me what to write when someone gives me any name." If I tell him to write "Dion," then someone else comes and asks him to write "Theon" instead — what's he going to do? But if you've practiced writing, you're ready to write anything required. If you haven't, what can I possibly suggest? If the situation calls for something else, what will you say or do? Remember this basic rule and you won't need suggestions. But if you chase after external things, you'll have to run around obeying whoever controls them. And who's the master? Whoever has power over the things you're trying to get or avoid.

Discourses, Of Tranquillity (freedom from Perturbation) 103 of 388
Freedom & Control Knowing Yourself
Epictetus — The Slave Original

For this reason also it is ridiculous to say, Suggest something to me (tell me what to do). What should I suggest to you? Well, form my mind so as to accommodate itself to any event. Why that is just the same as if a man who is ignorant of letters should say, Tell me what to write when any name is proposed to me. For if I should tell him to write Dion, and then another should come and propose to him not the name of Dion but that of Theon, what will be done? what will he write? But if you have practised writing, you are also prepared to write (or to do) anything that is required. If you are not, what can I now suggest? For if circumstances require something else, what will you say, or what will you do? Remember then this general precept and you will need no suggestion. But if you gape after externals, you must of necessity ramble up and down in obedience to the will of your master. And who is the master? He who has the power over the things which you seek to gain or try to avoid.

Discourses, Of Tranquillity (freedom from Perturbation) 103 of 388
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Ancient philosophy, in plain English.

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