Plain
Epictetus — The Slave

A young rhetoric teacher came to visit Epictetus. His hair was styled too carefully and his clothes were flashy. Epictetus said to him, "Tell me — don't you think some dogs are beautiful and some horses are beautiful? Same with all other animals?" The young man said, "Yes, I do." "Then aren't some people beautiful and others ugly?" "Of course." "Do we call them beautiful for the same reasons? Or is each one beautiful for something different? Think about it this way. We see that a dog is naturally made for one purpose, a horse for another, and a nightingale for yet another purpose. So we can say each animal is beautiful when it's excellent at what it's naturally supposed to do. But since each animal has a different nature, each one is beautiful in a different way. Don't you think so?" The young man agreed.

Discourses, Of Finery in Dress 202 of 388
Human Nature Knowing Yourself
Epictetus — The Slave Original

A certain young man, a rhetorician, came to see Epictetus, with his hair dressed more carefully than was usual and his attire in an ornamental style; whereupon Epictetus said, Tell me if you do not think that some dogs are beautiful and some horses, and so of all other animals. I do think so, the youth replied. Are not then some men also beautiful and others ugly? Certainly. Do we then for the same reason call each of them in the same kind beautiful, or each beautiful for something peculiar? And you will judge of this matter thus. Since we see a dog naturally formed for one thing, and a horse for another, and for another still, as an example, a nightingale, we may generally and not improperly declare each of them to be beautiful then when it is most excellent according to its nature; but since the nature of each is different, each of them seems to me to be beautiful in a different way. Is it not so? He admitted that it was.

Discourses, Of Finery in Dress 202 of 388
Epictetus — The Slave

Someone once said to Epictetus, "Convince me that logic is necessary." Epictetus replied, "Do you want me to prove this to you?" The man said yes. "Then I'll have to use logical reasoning," Epictetus said. The man agreed. "But how will you know if I'm tricking you with my argument?" The man had no answer. "You see," said Epictetus, "you've just admitted that logic is necessary. Without it, you can't even tell whether logic itself is necessary or not."

Discourses, That Logic is Necessary 201 of 388
Knowing Yourself
Epictetus — The Slave Original

When one of those who were present said, Persuade me that logic is necessary, he replied, Do you wish me to prove this to you? The answer was, Yes. Then I must use a demonstrative form of speech. This was granted. How then will you know if I am cheating you by my argument? The man was silent. Do you see, said Epictetus, that you yourself are admitting that logic is necessary, if without it you cannot know so much as this, whether logic is necessary or not necessary?

Discourses, That Logic is Necessary 201 of 388
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Ancient philosophy, in plain English.

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