Plain
Epictetus — The Slave

Does a person differ in no way from a stork? Don't think I'm saying that. But there's no difference in the physical matters I just mentioned. So where is the difference? Look for it and you'll find the difference lies elsewhere. See if it's not in a person's understanding of what they do. See if it's not in social bonds, in loyalty, in humility, in steadiness, in wisdom. This is where you find the great good and evil in people. It's where the difference lies. If this difference is kept safe and protected — if humility isn't destroyed, loyalty isn't lost, wisdom isn't abandoned — then the person survives intact. But if any of these qualities gets destroyed and overrun like a conquered city, then the person perishes too. This is what truly matters.

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Human Nature What Matters Most
Epictetus — The Slave Original

Does a man then differ in no respect from a stork? Don't suppose that I say so; but there is no difference in these matters (which I have mentioned). In what then is the difference? Seek and you will find that there is a difference in another matter. See whether it is not in a man the understanding of what he does, see if it is not in social community, in fidelity, in modesty, in steadfastness, in intelligence. Where then is the great good and evil in men? It is where the difference is. If the difference is preserved and remains fenced round, and neither modesty is destroyed, nor fidelity, nor intelligence, then the man also is preserved; but if any of these things is destroyed and stormed like a city, then the man too perishes: and in this consist the great things.

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Epictetus — The Slave

But what do you mean by such great things? Wars and civil unrest, and the destruction of many men and cities. And what great matter is this? Is it nothing? But what great matter is the death of many cattle and sheep, and many nests of swallows or storks being burned or destroyed? Are these things alike? Very much alike. Human bodies are destroyed, and the bodies of cattle and sheep. Human homes are burned, and stork nests. What is great or terrible about this? Or show me the difference between a man's house and a stork's nest, since both are dwellings. Except that humans build their little houses of wood and tiles and bricks, and storks build theirs of sticks and mud. Are a stork and a human alike? What do you say? In body they are very much alike.

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Death & Mortality Human Nature
Epictetus — The Slave Original

But what do you mean by such great things? Wars and civil commotions, and the destruction of many men and cities. And what great matter is this? Is it nothing? But what great matter is the death of many oxen, and many sheep, and many nests of swallows or storks being burnt or destroyed? Are these things then like those? Very like. Bodies of men are destroyed, and the bodies of oxen and sheep; the dwellings of men are burnt, and the nests of storks. What is there in this great or dreadful? Or show me what is the difference between a man's house and a stork's nest, as far as each is a dwelling; except that man builds his little houses of beams and tiles and bricks, and the stork builds them of sticks and mud. Are a stork and a man then like things? What say you? In body they are very much alike.

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Ancient philosophy, in plain English.

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