Plain
Seneca — The Senator

Anyone who tries to combine virtue and pleasure — and it's always a lopsided partnership — weakens virtue with pleasure's frailty. They put freedom in chains. Freedom can only stay unconquered when it values nothing above itself. The moment you depend on pleasure, you need Fortune's help. And that's the worst kind of slavery. Your life becomes anxious, suspicious, fearful. You're afraid of accidents and wait in agony for crucial moments. You can't give virtue a solid foundation if you make it stand on something shaky. And what could be shakier than depending on chance and the ups and downs of the body and everything that affects it?

On the Happy Life, Section 15 48 of 101
Freedom & Control Doing The Right Thing
Seneca — The Senator Original

Whoever on the other hand forms an alliance, and that, too, a one-sided one, between virtue and pleasure, clogs whatever strength the one may possess by the weakness of the other, and sends liberty under the yoke, for liberty can only remain unconquered as long as she knows nothing more valuable than herself: for he begins to need the help of Fortune, which is the most utter slavery: his life becomes anxious, full of suspicion, timorous, fearful of accidents, waiting in agony for critical moments of time. You do not afford virtue a solid immoveable base if you bid it stand on what is unsteady: and what can be so unsteady as dependence on mere chance, and the vicissitudes of the body and of those things which act on the body?

On the Happy Life, Section 15 48 of 101
Seneca — The Senator

"But what's wrong with combining virtue and pleasure?" our opponent asks. "Why can't we make the highest good from both honor and pleasure together?" Here's why: only what is honorable can be part of honor. The highest good would lose its purity if it contained anything unlike its best part. Even the joy that comes from virtue — though it's a good thing — isn't part of absolute good. Neither are cheerfulness or peace of mind. These are good things, but they just follow the highest good. They don't make it more perfect, even though they come from the noblest causes.

On the Happy Life, Section 15 47 of 101
Doing The Right Thing What Matters Most
Seneca — The Senator Original

"But what," asks our adversary, "is there to hinder virtue and pleasure being combined together, and a highest good being thus formed, so that honour and pleasure may be the same thing?" Because nothing except what is honourable can form a part of honour, and the highest good would lose its purity if it were to see within itself anything unlike its own better part. Even the joy which arises from virtue, although it be a good thing, yet is not a part of absolute good, any more than cheerfulness or peace of mind, which are indeed good things, but which merely follow the highest good, and do not contribute to its perfection, although they are generated by the noblest causes.

On the Happy Life, Section 15 47 of 101
‹ Previous Next ›

Ancient philosophy, in plain English.

About · Support