Plain
Seneca — The Senator

But why do you compare people to such terrible examples? You have the whole universe and God as models. Humans are the only animals who can imitate God, because we're the only ones who can understand Him. "The most hot-tempered people," he says, "seem like the most honest." Sure, but only when you compare them to cheats and con artists. They look simple because they speak their minds. I wouldn't call them simple — I'd call them careless. We use the word "simple" for all kinds of fools: gluttons, big spenders, and people whose flaws are obvious to everyone.

On Anger, Book 2, Section 16 Book 2 · 41 of 103
Human Nature Knowing Yourself
Seneca — The Senator Original

What reason, however, have you for referring mankind to such wretched models, when you have the universe and God, whom he alone of animals imitates because he alone comprehends Him? “The most irritable men,” says he, “are thought to be the most straightforward of all.” Yes, because they are compared with swindlers and sharpers, and appear to be simple because they are outspoken. I should not call such men simple, but heedless. We give this title of “simple” to all fools, gluttons, spendthrifts, and men whose vices lie on the surface.

On Anger, Book 2, Section 16 Book 2 · 41 of 103
Seneca — The Senator

My opponent says that the most noble animals are those with great capacity for anger. He's wrong to hold up creatures that act on impulse instead of reason as examples for humans to follow. In humans, reason should replace impulse. But even with animals, the same trait doesn't help all of them equally. Anger helps lions. Fear helps deer. Boldness helps hawks. Flight helps doves. What if I told you it's not even true that the best animals are the angriest? Wild beasts that hunt for food might be better when they're angrier. But I would praise oxen and horses for their patience in obeying the reins.

On Anger, Book 2, Section 16 Book 2 · 40 of 103
Human Nature Calm Your Mind
Seneca — The Senator Original

Those animals, urges our opponent, are held to be the most generous who have large capacity for anger. He is mistaken when he holds up creatures who act from impulse instead of reason as patterns for men to follow, because in man reason takes the place of impulse. Yet even with animals, all do not alike profit by the same thing. Anger is of use to lions, timidity to stags, boldness to hawks, flight to doves. What if I declare that it is not even true that the best animals are the most prone to anger? I may suppose that wild beasts, who gain their food by rapine, are better the angrier they are; but I should praise oxen and horses who obey the rein for their patience.

On Anger, Book 2, Section 16 Book 2 · 40 of 103
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Ancient philosophy, in plain English.

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