Plain
Seneca — The Senator

Raising boys properly is incredibly important, I promise you. But managing their education is tricky. We need to be careful not to teach them to be angry all the time, but we also can't crush their spirit. This takes close attention. Both the good qualities we want to build and the bad ones we want to prevent are fed by the same things. Even careful parents can be fooled by how similar they look. Freedom builds a boy's spirit, but slavery crushes it. Praise lifts him up and makes him expect great things from himself. But this same treatment can make him arrogant and quick to anger. So we have to guide him between these two extremes. Sometimes we need to hold him back, sometimes we need to push him forward.

On Anger, Book 2, Section 21 Book 2 · 49 of 103
Knowing Yourself Human Nature
Seneca — The Senator Original

It is, I assure you, of the greatest service to boys that they should be soundly brought up, yet to regulate their education is difficult, because it is our duty to be careful neither to cherish a habit of anger in them, nor to blunt the edge of their spirit. This needs careful watching, for both qualities, both those which are to be encouraged, and those which are to be checked, are fed by the same things; and even a careful watcher may be deceived by their likeness. A boy's spirit is increased by freedom and depressed by slavery: it rises when praised, and is led to conceive great expectations of itself: yet this same treatment produces arrogance and quickness of temper: we must therefore guide him between these two extremes, using the curb at one time and the spur at another.

On Anger, Book 2, Section 21 Book 2 · 49 of 103
Seneca — The Senator

Don't let these men eat too much either. If they do, their bodies will bloat and their minds will bloat right along with them. They should exercise, but not to exhaustion. This will cool down their natural heat without draining it completely, and burn off their excess fiery energy. Games will help too. Moderate fun relaxes the mind and brings it back into balance. People who tend toward sluggishness or cold stiffness don't have much risk of anger, but they face worse problems: cowardice, gloominess, despair, and constant suspicion. These types need to be softened, comforted, and cheered up. Since we need completely different remedies for anger and for sullenness — in fact, these two problems require opposite treatments — we should always focus on whichever one is winning the battle.

On Anger, Book 2, Section 20 Book 2 · 48 of 103
Calm Your Mind Human Nature
Seneca — The Senator Original

Neither should such men be over-fed: for if so, their bodies will swell, and their minds will swell with them. Such men ought to take exercise, stopping short, however, of fatigue, in order that their natural heat may be abated, but not exhausted, and their excess of fiery spirit may be worked off. Games also will be useful: for moderate pleasure relieves the mind and brings it to a proper balance. With those temperaments which incline to moisture, or dryness and stiffness, there is no danger of anger, but there is fear of greater vices, such as cowardice, moroseness, despair, and suspiciousness: such dispositions therefore ought to be softened, comforted, and restored to cheerfulness: and since we must make use of different remedies for anger and for sullenness, and these two vices require not only unlike, but absolutely opposite modes of treatment, let us always attack that one of them which is gaining the mastery.

On Anger, Book 2, Section 20 Book 2 · 48 of 103
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Ancient philosophy, in plain English.

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