Plain
Epictetus — The Slave

Philosophy begins when you realize how weak and unable you are with important things — at least if you're approaching it the right way. We aren't born knowing what a right-angled triangle is, or what a quarter-tone in music is, or what a half-tone is. We learn these things through teaching and practice. That's why people who don't know these things don't pretend they know them.

Discourses, What the Beginning of Philosophy is 136 of 388
Knowing Yourself
Epictetus — The Slave Original

The beginning of philosophy, to him at least who enters on it in the right way and by the door is a consciousness of his own weakness and inability about necessary things; for we come into the world with no natural notion of a right-angled triangle, or of a diesis (a quarter tone), or of a half-tone; but we learn each of these things by a certain transmission according to art; and for this reason those who do not know them do not think that they know them.

Discourses, What the Beginning of Philosophy is 136 of 388
Epictetus — The Slave

When someone hurts your body or steals your stuff, you call that real harm. But when someone corrupts their own character — when they become dishonest or shameless — you think that's no big deal. The person who lies or cheats doesn't get a headache. They don't lose an eye or break a hip. They don't lose their house. And we only care about protecting those physical things. We don't care whether our character becomes decent and trustworthy, or rotten and unreliable. We only talk about character in school, just empty words. That's why our real progress stops at those few words. Beyond that, we don't improve at all.

Discourses, How We May Discover the Duties of Life from Names 135 of 388
Knowing Yourself What Matters Most
Epictetus — The Slave Original

and where the same thing happens to the faculty of the will, there is (you suppose) no harm; for he who has been deceived or he who has done an unjust act neither suffers in the head nor in the eye nor in the hip, nor does he lose his estate; and we wish for nothing else than (security to) these things. But whether we shall have the will modest and faithful or shameless and faithless, we care not the least, except only in the school so far as a few words are concerned. Therefore our proficiency is limited to these few words; but beyond them it does not exist even in the slightest degree.

Discourses, How We May Discover the Duties of Life from Names 135 of 388
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Ancient philosophy, in plain English.

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