Plain
Epictetus — The Slave

What actually disturbs and scares most people? Is it the dictator and his soldiers? I hope not. That can't be right. Nothing that is naturally free can be disturbed by anything else or held back by anything except itself. A person's own thoughts are what disturb him. When a dictator says to someone, "I will chain your leg," the person who values his leg says, "Don't do it; have mercy." But the person who values his own will says, "If it seems better to you, chain it." "Don't you care?" "I don't care." "I will show you that I am master." "You cannot do that. Zeus has set me free. Do you think he intended to let his own son be enslaved? You are master of my dead body — take it." So when you approach me, you have no respect for me? No, but I have respect for myself. And if you want me to say I respect you too, I tell you that I have the same respect for you that I have for my pot.

Discourses, How We Should Behave to Tyrants 47 of 388
Freedom & Control Facing Hardship
Epictetus — The Slave Original

What is it then that disturbs and terrifies the multitude? Is it the tyrant and his guards? (By no means.) I hope that it is not so. It is not possible that what is by nature free can be disturbed by anything else, or hindered by any other thing than by itself. But it is a man's own opinions which disturb him. For when the tyrant says to a man, I will chain your leg, he who values his leg says, Do not; have pity. But he who values his own will says, If it appears more advantageous to you, chain it. Do you not care? I do not care. I will show you that I am master. You cannot do that. Zeus has set me free; do you think that he intended to allow his own son to be enslaved? But you are master of my carcase; take it. So when you approach me, you have no regard to me? No, but I have regard to myself; and if you wish me to say that I have regard to you also, I tell you that I have the same regard to you that I have to my pipkin.

Discourses, How We Should Behave to Tyrants 47 of 388
Epictetus — The Slave

Well, I also pay respect to my dinner plate. I wash it and wipe it clean. I even drive a nail into the wall for my oil bottle. So are these things better than me? No. But they meet some of my needs, so I take care of them. Don't I also tend to my donkey? Don't I wash his feet and groom him? You should know that every person looks out for himself first. He cares about you the same way he cares about his donkey. Who actually respects you as a human being? Show me one person. Who wants to become like you? Who copies you the way people copy Socrates? But I can cut off your head! You're right about that. I forgot that I should respect you the same way I respect a fever or stomach sickness. Maybe I should build you an altar, like they built one for fever in Rome.

Discourses, How We Should Behave to Tyrants 46 of 388
Human Nature Knowing Yourself
Epictetus — The Slave Original

Well, I also pay respect to my platter, and I wash it and wipe it; and for the sake of my oil-flask, I drive a peg into the wall. Well, then, are these things superior to me? No, but they supply some of my wants, and for this reason I take care of them. Well, do I not attend to my ass? Do I not wash his feet? Do I not clean him? Do you not know that every man has regard to himself, and to you just the same as he has regard to his ass? For who has regard to you as a man? Show me. Who wishes to become like you? Who imitates you, as he imitates Socrates? But I can cut off your head. You say right. I had forgotten that I must have regard to you, as I would to a fever and the bile, and raise an altar to you, as there is at Rome an altar to fever.

Discourses, How We Should Behave to Tyrants 46 of 388
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Ancient philosophy, in plain English.

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