Plain
Epictetus — The Slave

Anyone who comes to learn philosophy should have this goal: How can I follow the gods in everything? How can I be content with how the divine runs things? How can I become free? You're free when everything happens according to your will, and no one can stop you. But wait — does that mean freedom is madness? Of course not. Madness and freedom are not the same thing. You might say, "I want everything to work out exactly how I want it, when I want it." You're crazy. You're out of your mind. Don't you know that freedom is something noble and valuable? But wanting things to happen however I carelessly wish — that's not noble at all. It's actually shameful.

Discourses, Of Contentment 32 of 388
Freedom & Control Knowing Yourself
Epictetus — The Slave Original

He who is receiving instruction ought to come to be instructed with this intention, How shall I follow the gods in all things, how shall I be contented with the divine administration, and how can I become free? For he is free to whom everything happens according to his will, and whom no man can hinder. What then, is freedom madness? Certainly not; for madness and freedom do not consist. But, you say, I would have everything result just as I like, and in whatever way I like. You are mad, you are beside yourself. Do you not know that freedom is a noble and valuable thing? But for me inconsiderately to wish for things to happen as I inconsiderately like, this appears to be not only not noble, but even most base.

Discourses, Of Contentment 32 of 388
Epictetus — The Slave

So first you need to figure out which of these views about the gods is actually true. If there are no gods, how can our goal be to follow them? If they exist but don't care about anything, how can it be right to follow them? And even if they do exist and pay attention to things, but they don't communicate anything to humans — or to me personally — how can it still be right to follow them? The wise and good person thinks through all of this. Then they submit their mind to whoever runs the universe, just like good citizens follow the laws of their city.

Discourses, Of Contentment 31 of 388
Doing The Right Thing Knowing Yourself
Epictetus — The Slave Original

Before all other things then it is necessary to inquire about each of these opinions, whether it is affirmed truly or not truly. For if there are no gods, how is it our proper end to follow them? And if they exist, but take no care of anything, in this case also how will it be right to follow them? But if indeed they do exist and look after things, still if there is nothing communicated from them to men, nor in fact to myself, how even so is it right (to follow them)? The wise and good man then, after considering all these things, submits his own mind to him who administers the whole, as good citizens do to the law of the state.

Discourses, Of Contentment 31 of 388
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Ancient philosophy, in plain English.

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