Plain
Seneca — The Senator

So if anger can be controlled and given limits, then it isn't really anger anymore — it's something else. Real anger is wild and uncontrollable. But if anger can't be limited, then it's harmful and useless. Either anger isn't anger, or it's worthless. Think about it this way: if someone wants to punish a wrongdoer not because they're burning with rage, but because punishment is the right thing to do, that person isn't angry. They're like a good soldier who follows orders. But passions can't follow orders any more than they can give them.

On Anger, Book 1, Section 9 Book 1 · 27 of 69
Calm Your Mind Doing The Right Thing
Seneca — The Senator Original

If, therefore, anger allows limits to be imposed upon it, it must be called by some other name, and ceases to be anger, which I understand to be unbridled and unmanageable: and if it does not allow limits to be imposed upon it, it is harmful and not to be counted among aids: wherefore either anger is not anger, or it is useless: for if any man demands the infliction of punishment, not because he is eager for the punishment itself, but because it is right to inflict it, he ought not to be counted as an angry man: that will be the useful soldier, who knows how to obey orders: the passions cannot obey any more than they can command.

On Anger, Book 1, Section 9 Book 1 · 27 of 69
Seneca — The Senator

Next, anger has no value by itself. It doesn't stir the mind to brave acts in war. Virtue is complete on its own — it never needs help from a vice. When virtue needs fierce effort, it doesn't get angry. Instead, it rises to the challenge and excites or calms itself as much as needed. Think of war machines that shoot arrows — the operator can tighten or loosen them as he pleases.

"Anger is necessary," Aristotle says. "No battle can be won without it, unless it fills the mind and fires up the spirit. But anger should be used as a soldier, not as a general."

This is wrong. If anger listens to reason and follows where reason leads, it's no longer anger. Anger's main feature is stubbornness. But if anger won't listen and refuses to be quiet when ordered — if it gets carried away by its own willful spirit — then it's as useless to the mind as a soldier who ignores the retreat signal would be to his general.

On Anger, Book 1, Section 9 Book 1 · 26 of 69
Calm Your Mind Doing The Right Thing
Seneca — The Senator Original

In the next place, anger has nothing useful in itself, and does not rouse up the mind to warlike deeds: for a virtue, being self-sufficient, never needs the assistance of a vice: whenever it needs an impetuous effort, it does not become angry, but rises to the occasion, and excites or soothes itself as far as it deems requisite, just as the machines which hurl darts may be twisted to a greater or lesser degree of tension at the manager’s pleasure. “Anger,” says Aristotle, “is necessary, nor can any fight be won without it, unless it fills the mind, and kindles up the spirit. It must, however, be made use of, not as a general, but as a soldier,” Now this is untrue; for if it listens to reason and follows whither reason leads, it is no longer anger, whose characteristic is obstinacy: if, again, it is disobedient and will not be quiet when ordered, but is carried away by its own wilful and headstrong spirit, it is then as useless an aid to the mind as a soldier who disregards the sounding of the retreat would be to a general.

On Anger, Book 1, Section 9 Book 1 · 26 of 69
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Ancient philosophy, in plain English.

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