Plain
Seneca — The Senator

Alexander trusted his friend more. He believed his friend deserved to be innocent, and that his actions should prove his innocence. I admire Alexander even more for this because he was naturally quick to anger. But when kings show restraint, it's especially rare and praiseworthy. The great Julius Caesar did something similar. During the civil war, he proved to be a merciful winner. He burned a bundle of letters that had been sent to Pompey by people who were thought to be neutral or on the opposing side. Caesar was never violent in his anger, but he chose to make it impossible for himself to get angry. He thought the kindest way to forgive each person was simply not to know what they had done wrong.

On Anger, Book 2, Section 23 Book 2 · 58 of 103
Human Nature Doing The Right Thing
Seneca — The Senator Original

He felt more confidence in his friend: he deserved that his friend should be innocent, and deserved that his conduct should make him innocent. I praise Alexander’s doing this all the more because he was above all men prone to anger; but the rarer moderation is among kings, the more it deserves to be praised. The great Gaius Caesar, who proved such a merciful conqueror in the civil war, did the same thing; he burned a packet of letters addressed to Gnaeus Pompeius by persons who had been thought to be either neutrals or on the other side. Though he was never violent in his anger, yet he preferred to put it out of his power to be angry: he thought that the kindest way to pardon each of them was not to know what his offence had been.

On Anger, Book 2, Section 23 Book 2 · 58 of 103
Seneca — The Senator

Everyone knows the story of the would-be assassin who was caught before he could kill the tyrant. When Hippias tortured him to reveal his accomplices, the man gave up the names of the tyrant's friends who were standing around — everyone he knew the tyrant cared about most. As the tyrant ordered each person killed, the assassin was finally asked if anyone else remained. He said, 'You're the only one left. I've made sure no one else who loves you is still alive.' The tyrant's anger had made him help the assassin do his work — he had used his own sword to cut down his own supporters. How much braver was Alexander, who read his mother's letter warning him that his doctor Philip might poison him, but still drank the medicine Philip offered without hesitation!

On Anger, Book 2, Section 23 Book 2 · 57 of 103
Facing Hardship Calm Your Mind
Seneca — The Senator Original

Every one knows the story of the tyrannicide who, being caught before he had accomplished his task, and being tortured by Hippias to make him betray his accomplices, named the friends of the tyrant who stood around, and every one to whom he knew the tyrant’s safety was especially dear. As the tyrant ordered each man to be slain as he was named, at last the man, being asked if any one else remained, said, “You remain alone, for I have left no one else alive to whom you are dear.” Anger had made the tyrant lend his assistance to the tyrant-slayer, and cut down his guards with his own sword. How far more spirited was Alexander, who after reading his mother’s letter warning him to beware of poison from his physician Philip, nevertheless drank undismayed the medicine which Philip gave him!

On Anger, Book 2, Section 23 Book 2 · 57 of 103
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Ancient philosophy, in plain English.

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